The Transfiguration of Jesus Christ its Historicity Relationship to Research Paper

The Transfiguration of Jesus Christ its Historicity Relationship to the Old Testament the Manifestation of His Divinity Anticip - Research Paper Example In fact, the story itself is called into question on many levels, the fact that this was a completely isolated experience and completely foreign to most human beings’ perceptions of reality. However, the converse is also true, that just because it was a solitary instance, and not found in multiple occurrences in the life of Christ tends to increase the veracity of the mystery as an actual event and not a simply a literary creation designed with the intention of enlarging and deifying the personage of Jesus Christ. 2 "We are asserting that the transfiguration occurred for the sake of the disciples. Is it possible to affirm that it was for Christ's benefit? Some have thought that he needed it for his encouragement, seeing that he was faced with so much public opposition and with such dullness of comprehension on the part of his closest followers. But the narrative gives no hint of hesitation or weakness or discouragement on his part. " 3 This paper will explore several different facets of the research that has been done regarding this mystery and while not attempting to draw any conclusions or final dictums regarding it, hopes to present an unbiased look at the Transfiguration from several viewpoints and attempt a rational understanding. THE TRANSFIGURATION The retelling of the story can be found in the Gospels of Matthew 17:1–8, KJV, Mark 9:2–10, KJV, and Luke 9:28–36, KJV with some variation between them. The event itself takes place on the â€Å"Mount of the Transfiguration,† as it has come to be known. A plethora of research on the actual location (some believe it to be Mount Tabor) of this mountain exists, but its true identity has never been verified. The reference to a high mountain also give some credence to the resurrection analogy as well. 4 The Apostles John, James and Peter accompanied Jesus on the trek to this mountaintop, where they witnessed Jesus change before their eyes, a glow began from within him and his clot hing became bright white and a radiance, which they identified with the glory of God, blossomed from his frame. Then the prophets of the Old Testament, Moses and Elijah appear at his side and a cloud envelops them all. From within the cloud a voice booms out, "This is my Son, whom I love, listen to him!" Then as quickly as it came the cloud vanished, taking with it the two prophets and leaving only Jesus and his three disciples. As they walked back down the mountain Jesus bid them not to tell anyone what they had seen until after his suffering, Crucifixion and Resurrection. †¦so the transfiguration story, with its voice from heaven echoing the earlier voice at Jesus' baptism, confirms the narrators application of "Son of God" (1:1; 9:7). Jesus' comment to Peter, James, and John on the way down the mountain sets the limit to the messianic secret: they are "to tell no one about what they had seen, until after the Son of Man had risen from the dead"5 One of the first questions whi ch comes to mind is why Jesus asked his disciples to keep this event a secret? Surely the recounting of this event would solidify many more men and women to his following. The answer is quite simple, if this were known than the life of Jesus may have unfolded very differently, and that would have been anathema to the greater cause of Jesus’ existence: "But Mark's story has already insisted upon

Belonging Essay Example for Free

Belonging Essay These essential components of belonging are portrayed through the poems of Peter Skrzynecki and another additional text the film Invictus directed by Clint Eastwood about the uniting of South Africa through the efforts of Nelson Mandella. Feeling a sense of connectedness Wether this be on a physical,social,spiritual or emotional level to something or someone allows for an individual to feel a sense of gratitude and self belief. To a certain extent the groups we belong to define who we are, and an individuals perceptions are the resulting outcome of belonging. The acceptance and kinship being in association with groups may bring one would say belonging would impact ones life positively. Although he opposing side of belonging is not belonging and is as a problem many people in the world face today. This alienation may leave individuals feeling detached and isolated from all things surrounding them. There are many reasons why one may not belong these may include race,religion,culture,attitudes and beliefs as well as many others. This separation felt may severely impact an individuals life in a negative direction. The poems by Australian poet Peter Skrzynecki illustrate many examples of kinship and detachment. Many of the poems in the book Immigrant Chronicle by Skrzyecki explain his problems with feeling like an outsider stuck in limbo between his Polish culture passed down by his parents and his new Australian culture that he was exposed to everyday. In the poem â€Å"Felix Skrzynecki† Skrzynecki states â€Å"I forgot my first Polish word† this line illustrates Skrzyneckis lack of interest in his Polish Culture as he feels he doesnt belong. In the poem â€Å"Felix Skrzynecki† Skrzynecki uses alliteration in the second stanza to suggest peace and tranquillity, as his father holds his garden in high regard and Skrzynecki feels this is the only place where is father truly belongs. This allows for responders to learn that one may feel attached to something other than other people or groups. In this poem Skrzynecki also illustrates his fathers exclusion from the rest of Australia by the line â€Å"did your father ever attempt to learn English† this line shows Felix isolation as he cannot speak the language of the country he lives in. Although in stanza one the lines â€Å"Kept pace only with the Joneses Of his own minds making† suggest that Felix was not bothered by values or lifestyle choices that he did not believe in. This poem and other Skrzynecki poems further knowledge involving belonging and not belonging as they provide primary sources that identify multiple examples of the issue. Destruction,analyses and in depth essays of the poems allowed for a deeper understanding of belonging to be gained. The Film Invictus by Clint Eastwood. The story is based on the novel Playing the Enemy: Nelson Mandella and the game that Made a Nation. The film tells the story of Nelson Mandella in his first term as South African President, and the initiation of the venture to abolish the apartheid and unite the nation through the 1995 Rugby World Cup. The film illustrates many examples of not belonging due racism and prejudice behaviours shown by white south Africa. The film allows for racism to be viewed as one of the demanding reasons for isolation. Although later in the film an attitude shift is imminent and relationships are bridged between â€Å"black and white South Africans due to the efforts of Mandella. The film illustrates how film techniques such as camera shots,angles and music are used to create a sense of detachment at the start of the film but also show the uniting of South Africa in the end of the film. Invictus enhances knowledge of the issue belonging as it shows many examples not belonging at the start of the film, but with a shift in attitudes reveals many signs of belonging shown towards the end of the film. Due to the complex and abstract nature of the concept of belonging, a true sense of belonging can be found in different circumstances for different people. A sense of belonging or not belonging is thought about by every person in the world today, its what many people strive for everyday although some may never find it,whilst others have always had it. Analysis of a range of texts including the Peter Skrzynecki poems and the film Invictus delve deeply into the many different circumstances that individuals may wish to belong in. Ultimately to belong will always be something people feel they need to fulfil their needs,although a sense of belonging will vary to different people. | |

Challenges in the Hospitality Industry

Challenges in the Hospitality Industry The Hospitality Industry faces three major but interconnected challenges, namely globalisation, the growing importance of knowledge as the engine of economic development and national prosperity, and the impacts of the information and communication revolution, all of which have striking implications for education institutions and economies. Polytechnic West has risen to undertake the above challenges with the introduction of the Associate Degree of Hospitality Management. The course aims to combine current industry practices, combined with a rigorous vocational and academic course curriculum required of managers to face these challenges. The course curriculum focus on hospitality operational skills, management best practice, and the skills needed for continued learning in an ever changing environment. In The Associate Degree of Hospitality Management the assessments are mainly by examinations, presentations and tutorials. The questions are developed with the goal of assessing not only the students awareness of current theory and practice, but to evaluate the degree of reflection and analysis that may contribute to its operational application. The learning environment for the Associate Degree Hospitality Management is conducted in small classes and highly qualified lecturers with relevant industry experiences. The qualifications offered by Polytechnic West is a two year Associate Degree Hospitality Management program which has a direct pathway to the final year in the Bachelor of Commerce majoring in Hospitality and Tourism at Murdoch University. Alternatively the Associate Degree in Hospitality Management is a recognised management qualification which prepares graduates for rapid career advancement within the Hospitality Industry given sufficient experience. The tourism and hospitality industry is a sphere in which attainment of supervisory and management positions can occur at a young age with relevant experience and qualifications. As an Associate Degree graduate, there can be multiple career opportunities and directions which include supervisory and management roles in food and beverage, event management, accommodations, marketing and Human resources in the hospitality sector. Learning Resource Centre Bentley Campus Telephone: 9267 7240 http://library.polytechnic.wa.edu.au Opening Hours Monday Thursday 8:00 am 5:45 pm Friday 8:00 am 4:15 pm Off Peak Periods 8:00 am 4:00 pm CLOSED Saturday Sunday and Public Holidays Resources Each course has a Unit Information Outline booklet which lists the resources required for the unit. These can be obtained from the Course Co-ordinator. Referencing Chicago referencing, based on Chicago Manual of Style (2003) will apply to all assignments. This manual constitutes the authoritative international guide to publication standards and style. At Polytechnic West we respect the ideas of others by acknowledging them with proper referencing. This includes using the work of other students with, or without, their permission. Students must abide by all assessment rules set by lecturers. Any student found cheating in any way will face disciplinary action. Assignments and other forms of assessment must be your own original work. Copying directly from your research sources or another students work, without acknowledgement is plagiarism. Plagiarised work will not be accepted and will result in disciplinary action. Turnitin software is available for students to check their work and will be utilised by lecturers to check for plagiarism. Assessment To be awarded this qualification you must pass all the course units. Assessment criteria are provided for each unit in the relevant Unit Information Outline. All assignments will be returned with feedback on the students performance and the criteria against which the final mark was determined. Submission dates will not be altered unless lecturer consent has been obtained. Results Students are entitled to see their results in all assessment components of their unit, including raw marks for components and for the unit overall. Students may inspect their marked examination scripts and discuss the marking with the lecturer, or nominee, within fourteen days of the posting of results. Lecturers may require reasonable notice or set aside specified times for this. Where a lecturer is away from campus in the two weeks following the posting of results, another member of academic staff must be designated to handle inquiries and be provided with detailed assessment information to facilitate this. Lecturers must retain examination scripts until the end of the following semester. Submission and Receipt of Assignments: submit a cover sheet with all written work for continuous assessment which includes a signed declaration of authenticity; ensure delivery of the assessment work to the secure location provided; and maintain a copy of all submitted work until at least the expiration of the appeal period. Penalties may also apply when an extension is granted; refer to the Course Co-ordinator for details. Grading System Final results in all units shall be reported according to the following system of letter grades: Final Grades Letter Grade Interpretation Application Academic transcripts will include both the grade and final mark for all students. HD High Distinction Exceptional performance indicating complete and comprehensive understanding of the subject matter; genuine mastery of relevant skills; demonstration of an extremely high level of interpretative and analytical ability and intellectual initiative; and achievement of all major and minor objectives of the unit. 80 100% D Distinction Excellent performance indicating a very high level of understanding of the subject matter; development of relevant skills to a very high level; demonstration of a very high level of interpretive and analytical ability and intellectual initiative; and achievement of all major and minor objectives of the unit. 70 79% C Credit Good performance indicating a high level of understanding of subject matter; development of relevant skills to a high level; demonstration of a high level of interpretive and analytical ability and achievement of all major objectives of the unit; some minor objectives may not be fully achieved. 60 69% P Pass Satisfactory performance indicating an adequate understanding of most of the basic subject matter; partial development of relevant skills; adequate interpretive and analytical ability and achievement of all major objectives of the unit; some minor objectives may not be achieved. 50 59% UP Ungraded Pass Successful completion of a unit assessed on a pass/fail basis, indicating satisfactory understanding of subject matter; satisfactory development of relevant skills; satisfactory interpretive and analytical ability and achievement in all major objectives of the unit. 50% or above N Fail Unsatisfactory performance indicating an inadequate understanding of the basic subject matter; failure to develop relevant skills; insufficient evidence of interpretive and analytical ability; and failure to achieve major and minor objectives of the unit. Below 50% DNS Fail Failure to submit any assessed work after the withdrawal date and failure to withdraw prior to the withdrawal date. Did not participate in any assessments S Supplementary The award of the grade S shall be at the discretion of the Higher Education Board of Examiners. 45 49% Interim Grades Letter Grade Interpretation G Good Standing A result of good standing (G) must be reported only at the end of the academic year where all results in that enrolment option are not due to be completed until the end of the first or second semester of the following year. NA Not Available A result of not available (NA) must be reported only where: a delay is caused by the unavoidable absence of the Higher Education Course Coordinator; where an examination script has yet to be received by the College; where the final grade is under consideration due to disciplinary action or administrative encumbrance; where the Higher Education Board of Examiners has approved assessment in that unit taking place after the assessment period for that semester, including where the repeat of a component (e.g. involving practical work or a placement) cannot reasonably be arranged within the semester period. The Higher Education Board of Examiners has the sole discretion in determining whether a supplementary assessment is to be allocated; it is not an automatic right of the student. However, the supplementary assessment discretion will be applied to all students in an equitable manner. The nature of any supplementary assessment will be at the discretion of the Higher Education Board of Examiners. The only grades available after supplementary assessment are a P or N. An ungraded pass is not available. S Supplementary A result of supplementary assessment (S) may be reported where the student has a borderline fail grade (45-49%) for the unit. The timing of any supplementary assessment will be at the discretion of the relevant Higher Education Course Co-ordinator. Q A result of deferred assessment (Q) shall be reported only where deferred assessment has been approved by the Higher Education Course Coordinator. Initial unit assessment advice shall indicate whether or not moderation may be applied to the unit assessment. Final grades will be rounded (0.5 and above up, 0.49 and below down). Individual assessment components must not be rounded and only be submitted as whole percentages. Final numerical marks are to be presented as a whole number. Student Rights and Responsibilities It is the responsibility of every student to be aware of the policies and procedures that relate to their rights and responsibilities as a student. These can be found in the student handbook and on the Polytechnic West website. www.polytechnic.wa.edu.au Client Services Client Services staff can help you make your further education applications more competitive and can assist with decisions about your course/career choice. Client Services staff can also offer advice and support. If they cannot directly assist, suggestions can be made about referral to other staff or appropriate agencies which may be able to help if you are experiencing personal problems or difficulties with your study. Appointments with Client Services staff may be arranged at a Customer Service Centre or by phoning 9267 7500. Unit Fees The tuition fee for international students is: $1 525 per unit The tuition fee for domestic students is: $1 200 per unit These fees are valid for Semester 1 and Semester 2, 2011 Fees are reviewed on an annual basis Current fees and charges schedule is available on the Polytechnic West website. UNIT SYNOPSES INTRODUCTORY STUDIES IN HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM (64371) This unit examines todays travel and tourism industry from a global perspective, with specific insights into the economic, political and social forces that drive and shape it. It also looks at the tourism product and its markets. The unit also focuses on the economic impact, socio-cultural, environmental impacts of tourism and the development of sustainable tourism. The unit takes a systematic approach to the study of tourism and its links to the hospitality industry. It covers tourist types and behaviour, the role of places in tourists itineraries and their experience, environmental impacts, sustainability and eco-tourism, cultural impacts and authenticity, the impacts of events, and the structure of tourism industries. HUMAN BEHAVIOUR IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY (64732) This unit looks at analyzing the behavior of people at work in the Hospitality Industry. It will recognise the importance of effective management of people in the work situation, and evaluate personnel policies and procedures related to the hospitality industry. The unit will also identify the nature of the hospitality industry, staffing characteristics, interrelationships and behaviors of people. ROOMS DIVISION MANAGEMENT (64388) This unit is designed to familiarize students with management of the accommodation sector of the hospitality industry. The principles and procedures in the provision of quality tourist accommodation are studied with emphasis on front office, housekeeping, concierge and security safety. The unit has a managerial focus, and will look at how to manage properties efficiently, effectively and profitably. The unit will also provide an overview of the legal responsibilities of managers and the impact of new technologies on the industry. Students will be introduced to Fidelio, a current Front Office computerized property management system (PMS), in a practical environment, to enhance their understanding of the course concepts. LEGAL ENVIRONMENT (64374) This unit looks at the legal system in terms of civil liability, contract law and workplace environmental law. It provides the skills and knowledge to manage employment law and industrial relations, health, safety and security issues within a tourism or hospitality context. The aim of most legal systems is to provide a means of resolving conflicts in a fair and harmonious way. All legal systems are strongly influenced by the major forces that shape the society in which they operate. HOTEL AND RESTAURANT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (64375) This unit is designed to familiarize students with systems which are used in the hotel and restaurant industry. Information systems and the increasing application of technology to the hotel and restaurant industries will be analyzed from a conceptual and theoretical perspective. The unit has a managerial focus, and will look at the human issues of using information systems in the hospitality industry. In particular, the unit will provide an overview of the impacts of technology on the managers, workforce and customers of the industry. Students will encounter a range of theoretical and practical applications of information technology, which are unique to these industries including reservations systems, guest history systems, electronic point of sale systems, and guest driven applications such as automatic check-in and automatic checkout INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT (64376) This unit looks at the rapid and unpredictable change characteristics todays work and social environments. What might have worked yesterday is unlikely to work in todays vastly different environment. We can no longer structure organizations and mange people as we did yesterday. Todays managers must have broad management skills and styles, which they will continually adapt and develop. Pressure is on the manager to increase productivity and lead in a more participative, consultative way. Technological advances will proceed in leaps and bounds. Work patterns will continue to change dramatically. Our economy will be volatile until it adjusts and gives way to a global economy. INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING (64377) This is an introductory unit and the focus is on the definitions, concepts, principles and theories necessary to develop a clear understanding of accounting statements, their uses and their limitations. The unit concentrates on the needs of users of financial statements; and includes parties external to the organisation (for example, investors, employees, government, shareholders and the general public) and internal users (for example, management). FOOD AND BEVERAGE MANAGEMENT (64378) This unit is designed to familiarize students with management of the food and beverage sector of the hospitality industry.This unit will provide the students with knowledge of functions and responsibilities of a food and beverage manager and activities of the all food and beverage outlets. The unit also looks at how to manage the food and beverage department efficiently, effectively and profitably. PRINCIPLES OF COMMERCIAL LAW (H2045) This unit introduces students to the Australian legal system, its operation and development, and to the principles of law applicable to core areas of business, such as contract law, tort law and agency law. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND SERVICES MARKETING (64380) This unit deals with the skills and knowledge required by marketers to understand consumer behavior and then use the information in demonstrating effective services marketing. Factors that have contributed to the development of consumer behavior and services marketing include the fast pace of new product introduction, shorter product cycles, the high rate of new product failures and the increased interest in consumer protection by private groups and public decision makers and concern over the environment. Consumer behavior and services marketing have become an integral part of strategic market planning. This unit also aims to provide an understanding of the theory and practices in the development and execution of service marketing strategies (both consumer and business-to-business services). MANAGING PHYSICAL ASSETS (64381) The unit highlights the fact that facilities play a major role in the hospitality industry and guest satisfaction. They can provide an appealing visual environment that contributes to the overall ambiance, experience and comfort of the guest. The unit also serves to provide the awareness and knowledge to make appropriate decisions in managing the maintenance in a hospitality building. Properly managed systems from design to operations can result in considerable long-term savings or on the contrary, the failure to manage such systems can result in significant long term costs. ORGANISATIONAL THEORY AND BEHAVIOUR (H2044) This unit provides a basic understanding of individual and group behaviour in organisations, as well as exploring some organisational theories and management processes. Topics include: individual dimensions of behaviour personality, perception and learning, communication and motivation; groups and interpersonal influence structure, values, interaction and leadership; and organisational issues such as structure, processes, design, decision making; organisational change and development. Globalisation and sustainability are embedded into this unit as recurring themes. HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT (64383) This unit examines todays hospitality and tourism industry with specific insights into the economic, political and social forces that drive and shape it. The scope of the hospitality industry comprise of businesses that provide services and facilities such as accommodation, food, beverages, entertainment, gaming and related products. The hospitality industry is a sector of the broader tourism industry. Tourism is an essential ingredient to the economic well-being of many regions in Australia. Demand for product and services have become increasingly price sensitive and environmentally friendly. As such, this unit deals with the skills and knowledge required to develop and monitor a business plan. EVENTS MANAGEMENT (64384) This unit looks at the responsibility of better defining event objectives, site selection, developing timelines, budgets, and all logistical details. These details include but are not limited to registration and hospitality, food beverage, meetings and keynote speakers, ground transportation, activities, VIPs, accommodation and billing. PRINCIPLES OF FINANCE AND BANKING (H2043) This unit exposes students to the application of financial mathematics to various personal financial decisions including valuing debt, equity, and hybrid securities. In the process, characteristics of these securities are detailed and valuation incorporating the respective securitys cash flows, time value of money and the associated risk are presented. The unit also addresses the principles of maximising shareholder wealth and firm value. The interplay between these principles is examined by consideration of information asymmetry between the different stakeholders HUMAN RESOURCE AND ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (H2046) This unit aims to explore the choices organisations have for assisting employees to work effectively and adapt to change. The unit introduces the role of human resource management (HRM) to organisation development. Individual, team, HRM and strategic concepts are linked to the strategies and processes organisations and individuals use to proactively promote organisational citizenship throughout change.

Television Violence :: essays research papers

Television Violence In today's society television plays a big role. People watch T.V. for many different reasons. People watch T.V. mainly for entertainment, they also watch T.V. to learn, and to find out news. Some people watch T.V. and get the wrong idea about what they're watching, they feel that what they are watching is okay to do. Violence is a major factor, it affects people of ages. The worst outcome of T.V. is that it sends out the wrong messages. Some people get bad ideas from the violence on T.V. Although violence on television is not the greatest thing, it should be not be banned or restricted in any way. Most people watch T.V. to get away from reality. Watching shows that depict a fantasy world are a lot more interesting to watch. People don't want to see things that happen to them on a regular bases. Although sometimes seeing something that has happened to you before may be funny. Watching T.V. relieves stress and can be good for your health. Doctors say that laughing is good for your health. Violence on T.V. is a very debatable issue. Some people say that it is totally wrong and that it should be banned. Most people like the violence and find it to be very entertaining. Parents find it very hard to restrict their kids from watching violent television programs. The child would want to watch that program twice as much just because their parents said not to watch it. The child would be curious to find out what is so wrong about the program. Some people get the wrong messages or get bad ideas from watching some shows. If parents were to educate their children before watching shows like "Mighty Morphan Power Rangers", " X-Men" and "Cops" , then they wouldn't have to worry about their child getting wrong messages. Television shows also send out wrong Television Violence :: essays research papers Television Violence In today's society television plays a big role. People watch T.V. for many different reasons. People watch T.V. mainly for entertainment, they also watch T.V. to learn, and to find out news. Some people watch T.V. and get the wrong idea about what they're watching, they feel that what they are watching is okay to do. Violence is a major factor, it affects people of ages. The worst outcome of T.V. is that it sends out the wrong messages. Some people get bad ideas from the violence on T.V. Although violence on television is not the greatest thing, it should be not be banned or restricted in any way. Most people watch T.V. to get away from reality. Watching shows that depict a fantasy world are a lot more interesting to watch. People don't want to see things that happen to them on a regular bases. Although sometimes seeing something that has happened to you before may be funny. Watching T.V. relieves stress and can be good for your health. Doctors say that laughing is good for your health. Violence on T.V. is a very debatable issue. Some people say that it is totally wrong and that it should be banned. Most people like the violence and find it to be very entertaining. Parents find it very hard to restrict their kids from watching violent television programs. The child would want to watch that program twice as much just because their parents said not to watch it. The child would be curious to find out what is so wrong about the program. Some people get the wrong messages or get bad ideas from watching some shows. If parents were to educate their children before watching shows like "Mighty Morphan Power Rangers", " X-Men" and "Cops" , then they wouldn't have to worry about their child getting wrong messages. Television shows also send out wrong

Praise Be To Tyrell: Religion in Blade Runner

â€Å"‘More human than human’ is our motto. † (Scotts, BR) This famous quote, said by the character Tyrell in Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner, sums up the overall theme of the movie, which is the nature of being human. Blade Runner is Scott’s depiction of what is to become of Earth and how civilization has come to a point where humanity can be questioned. Reality is blurred and the nature of what is human is changing. Replicants appear identical to humans and even have emotions while the real humans appear cold and unemotional. The characters in this film are staged perfectly to compliment their environment as well. Scott uses mise en scene to suggest a vision of the future that is not only a collapsed, technological metropolis, but also a sad, lonely, and overall soulless place. Scott also uses the typical film noir protagonist who is often alone and faces an inner struggle between being a hero and looking out only for himself. Deckard, played by Harrison Ford, is far from a knight in shining armor, in fact, some of his actions might suggest that he isn’t a hero at all. However, in order to understand Scott’s complex film, a closer look is in order. We must look past the basic actions of the characters and focus on rather why they do their actions. One way to do this is by focusing on the films subtle subtext element of its allegorical relationship to Christianity. Throughout the film, it appeared that the analogy between the Bible and events in the movie actually had a relative connection, for example, Tyrell could be seen as God, Roy Batty as Lucifer, and Rachel as â€Å"the biblical wife of Israel in the Old Testament; the mother of a culture that will rule the Earth. † (Romero, 114) Also known as Eve, and Deckard as Adam. Humanity itself is brought up for definition in this film, as the Replicants are in many ways more human than the â€Å"real humans† they are interacting with. These Replicants are artificial organic humanoids which only have five-year life spans, and are banned from Earth. Death is an obsession to the Replicants. This is because although they know that they will die in a few years, they do not know their incept dates, thus not knowing when the clock actually started, or when it will end. Death to the Replicants is represented by their own mortality and the outside personification of the Blade Runners. This could possibly be why they live much more passionately than the human characters. Also, the main Replicant Roy Batty, displays a greater importance to life. Roy, and his loyal followers Oris, Zora, and Leon, are representations of fallen angels. They can be represented by Lucifer in the way that they have been expelled from the earth (much like Lucifer being expelled from heaven), and is obsessed with the same questions of morality. Roy’s angelic side is displayed, however, at the end of the film when he spares Deckard his life. During the scene, Deckard is filmed from a high angle to suggest vulnerability and a lack of understanding, with his eye’s clenched shut as he clings to the building; a keep of blindness to the world around him. With the end near, Roy Batty goes through a change that manifests in the fact that he prevents Deckard from falling to his death and becomes his savior. In fact, as Roy grabs Deckard from the ledge he shouts, â€Å"Ah, kinship! † (Scott, BR) As the two face each other, their proximities become closer. So close in fact, that they fit the frame tightly together. Now the angle of the camera is level, almost like an understanding simply by the two characters sitting eye to eye. As they face each other, Roy seems to come to terms with his own morality and the inevitability of death. Though Roy is put at peace, this shocking and moving scene stirs up questions and thoughts within Deckard’s head. He states, â€Å"I don't know why he saved my life. Maybe in those last moments he loved life more than he ever had before. Not just his life – anybody's life; my life. All he'd wanted were the same answers the rest of us want. Where did I come from? Where am I going? How long have I got? All I could do was sit there and watch him die. † (Scott, BR) Thus, Roy Batty has redeemed himself by following in the footsteps of Christ. This is where the nail in the hand begins to make sense, as Roy is in effect attempting to become Christ-like himself. He has also forgiven others as he would have God forgive him in that he saved the man who killed his beloved Pris. As he dies, the white dove he had been holding escapes from his hand and flies up into the sky. Roy’s newly purified soul is now free, and on the way upward to peace and salvation. With evil there must be virtue to counter balance it. In this case, to counter balance Batty’s symbolism of Lucifer, J. F. Sebastian symbolizes Christ in the film. He is the missing link between the Replicants and Tyrell. He is also human in the fact that he was born rather than created, but he has a disease which is quickly killing him, thus he is in a similar predicament that the Replicants face with morality. So the connection can be made that he is a composite of man and Replicant just as Christ was a composite of man and God, and also the fact that as Christ lived among men, J. F. ived among the Replicants. When asked by Pris if he ever gets lonely, J. F. responds, â€Å"Not really. I MAKE friends. They’re toys. My Friends are toys. I make them. It’s a hobby. I’m a genetic designer. † (Scott, BR) Another similarity between Christ and J. F is that Christ attempted to bring humanity to God, and was killed by the very people he attempted to help. J. F also attempted to bring man (Replicants) to their maker, Tyrell, and was murdered for attempting to help. Though J. F. Sebastian’s trust and faith leads him to a gruesome fate, it allows the Replicants to meet their creator. Even the way J.  F. and Roy ascend up the elevator to meet Tyrell is symbolical to the ascent into Heaven. The whole experience of meeting Tyrell is parallel to the Old Testament of the Bible. For example, the Replicants were created by Tyrell just as man was made by God and they were each separated from their maker and sent off the world. In Blade Runner the Replicants were sent off to a different planet whereas in the Bible man was banished from the Garden of Eden. Eventually the created begin to seek out the one who had made them, almost as a quest for God, and he does commits several sins in his search for the creator. Through the help of Sebastian, Roy is able to finally come into the presence of his maker, who welcomes him warmly and without reservation. â€Å"I’m surprised you didn’t come here sooner. † (Scott, BR) Tyrell comments as Batty enters his church-like quarters. Tyrell in this scene is a perfect symbol of the New Testament God — slow to anger and quick to forgive. He is happy to throw out the past, and look only at those things which are positive about his children. However, Roy is angered and upset by the presence of Tyrell, and he begins to make demands of the man who created him, much like Lucifer demanded to be in higher power in Heaven. In the end, Roy is like any other man. He is aware of his own mortality, and looks to Tyrell to give him a new lease on life. When he finds that his pleas to Tyrell are not answered he lashes out and rebukes the man who he had thought of as a savior in the past. This is akin to a man who prays faithfully to Heaven for a release from disaster or distress, and loses faith if his condition does not improve. Upon losing faith, Roy also kills the messenger, Sebastian, thereby paralleling the killing of Jesus. After these acts, he returns to the elevator and falls from heaven, returning to the material world as a fallen ngel. Lastly, Deckard and Rachel can be compared with the biblical characters of Adam and Eve. In the Bible, Genesis tells the story of two people, a man named Adam and a woman, who was made from his rib, named Eve. They were placed together in the Garden of Eden and given only one rule, to never eat from the tree of knowledge. Later, Satan, disguised as a serpent, coaxes the two perfect humans to eat an apple from the sacred tree. When Adam and Eve ate the apple, God grew angry and chased them out of the Garden and gave them sin, pain, and imperfections. There is an obvious parallel between the characters in Blade Runner and the biblical references of Eden. However, in Blade Runner the audience is able to see two couples portray Adam and Eve; Deckard and Rachel, and Pris and Roy. The two couples differ in the way that Deckard and Rachel find paradise, whereas Pris and Roy die. Pris and Roy do not find their Paradise at the end of the film because Roy rebelled against Tyrell, his God, in demanding to become immortal. In doing this questionable act, he destroyed any possibility of entering back into the Garden of Eden. Deckard and Rachel, on the other hand, are able to run away and stay alive together, thus â€Å"Deckard escapes ‘into a new Eden with a new Eve, hoping to regain at least a personal paradise. † (Romero, 115) Throughout Blade Runner, the idea of immortality and the desire to be like the creator is quite recurrent. The great strength of Blade Runner was that it successfully dealt with the tenuous nature of human life, and examined what really makes a person human. The film was meticulously crafted, and created a world which was decadent, dirty and yet strangely beautiful. The same can be said of its inhabitants, and maybe of all of us.

Broken Globe Stage 2 Essay

Characterization is the process by which authors make characters come alive for readers. Authors have many techniques available to portray characters, and they can broadly be divided into indirect and direct presentation. In the short story â€Å"The Broken Globe†, author Henry Kreisel brillantly develops the two principle characters, Nick Solchuk and his father, through indirect presentation. Consistency is the key to good characterization. From ? rst person point of view, the reader obtains a full portrait of both Nick and his father indirectly by learning what the narrator sees and hears somewhat objectively. Nick, the narrator’s friend, is a successful geophysicist studying the curvature of the earth. He demonstrates persistance, passion, and determination in the study of the earth. He asks the narrator â€Å"eagerly† with â€Å"his face reddening† about his paper to the International Congress. Even under the torture of his father, he still keeps his goal of proving that the earth moves. He even retorts his father by saying â€Å"You can beat me and break my globe, but you cannot stop [the earth] from moving. † This passage shows his determination in his belief. On the other hand, Nick’s father adopts personas of sophistication during the short visit of the narrator. His father is stubborn that he only believes what he sees is the truth: â€Å"[the earth] is ? at, and she stands still. † He is also imptuous and fractious that he â€Å"[beats] Nick like he is the devil† when he wants Nick to accept the same concept of the earth as he believes. Both characters are consistent and static, for they are still living in their own world: one lives in a ? at world and the other lives in the world of science. Another signi? cant objective of characterization is to reveal motivation. Kreisel’s story is set mainly in Alberta, a â€Å"land ? attens until there seemed nothing. † Living in Alberta, Nick’s father sees only the open prairies and ? elds every day; thus he perceives that the earth is exactly ? at and still as what he sees. Moreover, the reader learns that he is hard to change his mind because â€Å"he received an education of sorts when he was a boy. † Therefore, he believes that the earth is the center of the universe and the center is still. Similarly, Nick’s motivation is intrigued by a teacher who teaches him the earth is round and is moving. This teacher’s â€Å"enthusiasm [is] infectious† as Nick says. The teacher shows Nick a world larger than the ?at prairies, a world that is exuberent. Although the two characters’ own views of the world contradict one another, they do care and love each other. To build characters that convincing, the author must make their actions realistic and believable. Nick and his father are plausible due to their backgrounds. Nick’s father is taught that â€Å"the earth is ? at and still,† and what he sees outside in Alberta is only the far-distant prairies with â€Å"neither hill nor tree nor bush. † Furthermore, Nick, suffering from the violence of his father, always illustrates indomitable perserverence in seeking the truth. He continually shows to his father a globe can move, even though he knows his father will be mad. People with bond ? de determination can achieve their goals, just like Nick achieves his goal and becomes a geophysicist (to prove his father wrong? ). Altogether, they both are rounded characters in that they demonstrate many attributes and traits. Nick’s father is a stubborn, impulsive, and fractious father whereas Nick is a passionate, indomitable, and persistent geophysicist. In the story â€Å"The Broke Globe† Henry Kreisel effectively utilizes many techniques to develop characters, and further reveals a thoughtful insight into life. Nick’s father who insistently believes that the world is ? at and still lives in his own â€Å"broken globe†, where â€Å"Satan has taken over all the world† but him. 1. Sample Task for English 12 Writing Prepared by Seaquam Page 15 Characterization: A Father and a Son, How the Apple Falls Characters can make a short story rich and worth reading. In Henry Kreisel’s â€Å"The Broke Globe† the differences in ethics between a man and his father is seen through the eyes of a somewhat neutral narrator. Nick Solchuk is a brilliant man of science, while his father is the polar opposite. His father is a pious prairie farmer who does not value higher education or the values its teaches. Even though these characters are presented indirectly, Kreisel utilizes other methods to develop the characters. He shows them as static and round characters who are plausible and who remain consistent. Being ? rst person narrative, no direct presentation is used because the author cannot speak directly. He simply assumes the persona of a a narrator and therefore all presentation is indirect. One can ? nd out a lot about a character by what others say about him. Nick’s father is developed in the beginning during the conversation between Nick and the narrator. At this point the reader discovers that Nick and his father differ in many ways. Obviously, Nick is a man of great intelligence as the narrator say, â€Å"he studied at Cambridge and got his doctorate there and was now doing research at the Imperial College. † The reader also learns that despite being a brilliant man, nick whistfully remembers his simple childhood growing up in Three Bear Hills, Alberta. Nick’s father is developed much the same way later on in the conversation. Nick reveals that his father is a polar opposite. Nick’s father is shown as a religious prairie farmer with â€Å"a strange imagination. † Nick also explains why there is tension between himself and his father. â€Å"Curious man my father. He had strange ideas and a strange imagination too. He couldn’t understand why I was going to school or university. † â€Å"I suddenly realized that the shape of the world he lived in had O been O ? xed for him by some medieval priest in the small Ukranian villiage he was born in O But he still lived in the universe of the medieval church. : The reader now knows that Nick and his father are very different. Dialogue becomes a very important part of this story. The reader learns a lot about the father by what he says and by what he says he does. The ? rst meeting between the father and the narrator shows a lot about the father. â€Å"You friend of NickOWhat he do now? O still tampering with the earth? † Now, it has been con? rmed that Nick’s ideas differ greatly from his father’s. Nick’s father may be a simple prairie farmer, but that does not mean that he is rude. The father acts very formally when inviting the narrator inside his house. He stands as the narrator comes in, which is a sign of respect; he even brings out coffee for the narrator. The reader continues to learn about the relationship Nick’s father has with his son, and certain other people. The father explains how he exploded at a teacher for â€Å"letting Satan in† and for teaching Nick science at school. This act shows how the father deals with other people. The father goes on to elaborate on how he dealt with Nick as a child. â€Å"I grab him by the arm and I shake him and I beat him like he was the devilOAnd he made me madder and madder because he doesn’t cry or shout or nothing. † â€Å"I would of killed him right there for sure. † The reader now knows how he handles his son. Nick and his father are both static, round characters. They do not change at the end of the story, but they have many traits. Nick’s father proves he does not change by saying to the narrator â€Å"Satan has taken over all the world. † Then he suddenly rousled himself and hits the table with his ? st crying passionately, â€Å"But not me! Not me! † The characters act consistently throughout the story. â€Å"The Broken Globe† is a deeply driven character story. Both main characters are well developed. In some cases, the apple falls very far from the tree.